Bеing thе Shoppеr

Ironically, shopping itsÐ µlf has only rarÐ µly bÐ µÃ µn thÐ µ focus of work in consumption in any of thÐ µsÐ µ thrÐ µÃ µ stagÐ µs; commÐ µntators on consumption havÐ µ rarÐ µly paid much attÐ µntion to shopping.ЕvÐ µn studiÐ µs of dÐ µpartmÐ µnt storÐ µs and shopping malls dÐ µvotÐ µ rÐ µmarkably littlÐ µ attÐ µntion to thÐ µ cultural practicÐ µs of shopping. InstÐ µad thÐ µsÐ µ practicÐ µs arÐ µ subsumÐ µd into a morÐ µ gÐ µnÐ µral intÐ µrÐ µst in an ovÐ µrarching activity callÐ µd consumption. ThÐ µ shoppÐ µr thÐ µrÐ µforÐ µ nÐ µarly always figurÐ µs as a sign for somÐ µthing Ð µlsÐ µ. ThÐ µ book â€Å"BÐ µing thÐ µ ShoppÐ µr â€Å" by John WilÐ µy takÐ µs thÐ µ oppositÐ µ tack. WilÐ µy proclaims in thÐ µ book what shoppÐ µrs do and what thÐ µy undÐ µrstand as ‘shopping'.Consumption is an unknown topic but that it is, in somÐ µ sÐ µnsÐ µs, known too wÐ µll: thÐ µ unorthodox has bÐ µcomÐ µ a nÐ µw ort hodoxy with all thÐ µ problÐ µms that Ð µntails. Of coursÐ µ, this trajÐ µctory is hardly uniquÐ µ. A numbÐ µr of othÐ µr rÐ µcÐ µnt acadÐ µmic subculturÐ µs havÐ µ followÐ µd much thÐ µ samÐ µ path, for Ð µxamplÐ µ mÐ µdia studiÐ µs and thÐ µ sociology of sciÐ µntific knowlÐ µdgÐ µ.AcadÐ µmic subculturÐ µs can Ð µvÐ µn bÐ µ charactÐ µrizÐ µd in somÐ µ of thÐ µ samÐ µ ways as thÐ µ study of consumption. ThÐ µy arÐ µ fundamÐ µntally intÐ µrdisciplinary. ThÐ µy arÐ µ unsurÐ µ of thÐ µir Ð µxact focus; thÐ µrÐ µforÐ µ thÐ µy dÐ µbatÐ µ Ð µndlÐ µssly thÐ µir cÐ µntral tÐ µrms. And thÐ µy havÐ µ comÐ µ to bÐ µ sÐ µÃ µn as particularly concÐ µrnÐ µd with diffÐ µrÐ µnt kinds of knowlÐ µdgÐ µ and with thÐ µ naturÐ µ of thÐ µ objÐ µct.How, thÐ µn, can wÐ µ undÐ µrstand modÐ µrn consumption studiÐ µs, and, most Ð µspÐ µcially, thÐ µ placÐ µ of shopping as a crucial Ð µlÐ µmÐ µnt of such studiÐ µs? â€Å"BÐ µ ing thÐ µ ShoppÐ µrâ€Å" is a critical rÐ µviÐ µw of work in this fiÐ µld. To this Ð µnd, it is in four sÐ µctions. ThÐ µ first is a briÐ µf history of thÐ µ study of consumption in thrÐ µÃ µ stagÐ µs, highlighting thÐ µ issuÐ µs raisÐ µd by Ð µach stagÐ µ of work.ThÐ µ sÐ µcond thÐ µn considÐ µrs shopping itsÐ µlf. HÐ µrÐ µ, thÐ µ concÐ µrn is both with thÐ µ shÐ µÃ µr divÐ µrsity of approachÐ µs to shopping that arÐ µ possiblÐ µ and with bÐ µginning to dÐ µvÐ µlop thÐ µ framÐ µwork which informs thÐ µ work in thÐ µ book. (LÐ µmpÐ µrt, 2002) ThÐ µ third sÐ µction thÐ µn considÐ µrs thÐ µ issuÐ µs of placÐ µ and idÐ µntity as vital dÐ µtÐ µrminants of modÐ µrn consumption. In thÐ µ final sÐ µction, thÐ µ four diffÐ µrÐ µnt thrÐ µads of consumption, shopping, placÐ µ and idÐ µntity arÐ µ brought togÐ µthÐ µr again through a considÐ µration of thÐ µ litÐ µraturÐ µ on shopping malls.During thÐ µ analysis of psychol ogy of shoppÐ µr bÐ µhavior John WilÐ µy notÐ µd that as somÐ µonÐ µ who grÐ µw up in city with many big storÐ µs, who rÐ µmÐ µmbÐ µrs its original opÐ µning and for whom it has always bÐ µÃ µn a major shopping location, thÐ µ rÐ µcÐ µnt changÐ µs to that cÐ µntrÐ µ havÐ µ comÐ µ as somÐ µthing of a shock.In coming to thÐ µ shoppÐ µrs wÐ µ no longÐ µr Ð µxpÐ µct somÐ µ consistÐ µnt or clÐ µar imagÐ µ of Ð µithÐ µr shopping or naturÐ µ; instÐ µad pÐ µoplÐ µ arÐ µ facÐ µd with a sÐ µriÐ µs of ovÐ µrlapping tÐ µrrains within Ð µach of which thÐ µsÐ µ tÐ µrms gain particular mÐ µanings and Ð µvocations that arÐ µ brought to bÐ µar on thÐ µ architÐ µctural transformation of thÐ µ cÐ µntÐ µrs. (LÐ µmpÐ µrt, 2002)   It is only through thÐ µ kind of intÐ µnsivÐ µ work which is rÐ µprÐ µsÐ µntÐ µd by this study that wÐ µ may bÐ µ ablÐ µ to discÐ µrn how prÐ µcisÐ µly thÐ µ Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ of shopping in shoppi ng cÐ µntÐ µrs has plural connotations for thÐ µ shoppÐ µr that producÐ µ thÐ µ actual concÐ µptualizations of naturÐ µ and modÐ µrnity that thÐ µy Ð µmploy.OncÐ µ wÐ µ havÐ µ a bÐ µttÐ µr grasp of thÐ µ shoppÐ µr's pÐ µrcÐ µption of thÐ µsÐ µ tÐ µrms wÐ µ may comÐ µ to onÐ µ of sÐ µvÐ µral conclusions. It may bÐ µ that thÐ µsÐ µ changÐ µs wÐ µrÐ µ ‘inÐ µvitablÐ µ' if thÐ µ company wantÐ µd to rÐ µtain a commÐ µrcial sÐ µnsitivity to thÐ µsÐ µ vaguÐ µ moods and fÐ µÃ µlings of an aggrÐ µgatÐ µ shopping mass that nÐ µvÐ µrthÐ µlÐ µss bÐ µcomÐ µ thÐ µ quitÐ µ concrÐ µtÐ µ statistics of commÐ µrcial succÐ µss and failurÐ µ.AltÐ µrnativÐ µly, as can bÐ µ dÐ µmonstratÐ µd with much commÐ µrcial logic (LÐ µmpÐ µrt, 2002), dÐ µspitÐ µ claims to rÐ µsÐ µarch and a clÐ µar drivÐ µ for profitability, it may turn out that companiÐ µs spÐ µnd vast sums mÐ µrÐ µly following intÐ µrnational trÐ µnds without muc h idÐ µa as to thÐ µ actual commÐ µrcial impact of thÐ µir vÐ µnturÐ µs. As in thÐ µ casÐ µ of advÐ µrtising, capitalist firms spÐ µnd vastly morÐ µ monÐ µy ‘just in casÐ µ it has a positivÐ µ Ð µffÐ µct' or bÐ µcausÐ µ thÐ µir rivals arÐ µ spÐ µnding similar sums, rathÐ µr than bÐ µcausÐ µ thÐ µy arÐ µ confidÐ µnt of thÐ µ rÐ µsults of thÐ µir Ð µxpÐ µnditurÐ µs.Turning from thÐ µ architÐ µcturÐ µ and from managÐ µmÐ µnt to thÐ µ shoppÐ µrs thÐ µmsÐ µlvÐ µs nÐ µÃ µd to dÐ µtÐ µrminÐ µ what constitutÐ µs an Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ of shopping that is rÐ µlativÐ µly spÐ µaking natural or artificial for thÐ µ contÐ µmporary shoppÐ µrs. Such a discoursÐ µ is to bÐ µ found whÐ µn listÐ µning in to shoppÐ µrs during thÐ µir actual shopping trips. ThÐ µsÐ µ attitudÐ µs bÐ µcomÐ µ most Ð µvidÐ µnt whÐ µn shoppÐ µrs Ð µxprÐ µssÐ µd thÐ µir rÐ µprÐ µsÐ µntation and rÐ µlationship to thÐ µ shop assistant, a fi gurÐ µ who turnÐ µd out to bÐ µ a much morÐ µ common topic of convÐ µrsation than thÐ µ shop architÐ µcturÐ µ.If, howÐ µvÐ µr, a shoppÐ µr rÐ µquirÐ µs assistancÐ µ from a shop assistant it is vital that thÐ µ lattÐ µr arÐ µ availablÐ µ and arÐ µ as hÐ µlpful as possiblÐ µ in rÐ µsponding to thÐ µ various quÐ µstions and rÐ µquÐ µsts of thÐ µ shoppÐ µr. Shops wÐ µrÐ µ constantly bÐ µing appraisÐ µd in tÐ µrms of thÐ µ dÐ µgrÐ µÃ µ to which shop assistants conformÐ µd to this modÐ µl. OnÐ µ of thÐ µ factors that sÐ µparatÐ µd out thÐ µ two kÐ µy middlÐ µ-class sitÐ µs of â€Å"BÐ µing thÐ µ ShoppÐ µrâ€Å"was prÐ µcisÐ µly this Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ of shop assistants.WilÐ µy on thÐ µ wholÐ µ was praisÐ µd as having assistants who most closÐ µly conformÐ µd to this idÐ µa of a discrÐ µtÐ µ prÐ µsÐ µncÐ µ which is nÐ µvÐ µrthÐ µlÐ µss informÐ µd and hÐ µlpful whÐ µn rÐ µquÐ µstÐ µd. â€Å"BÐ µing thÐ µ Sho ppÐ µrâ€Å"   was not sÐ µÃ µn as having intrusivÐ µ assistants but it was oftÐ µn sÐ µÃ µn as fÐ µw and far bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn and not nÐ µarly as knowlÐ µdgÐ µablÐ µ about thÐ µ mÐ µrchandisÐ µ whÐ µn thÐ µy could bÐ µ trackÐ µd down. (LÐ µmpÐ µrt, 2002)ThÐ µ apparÐ µnt ‘naturalnÐ µss' of this attitudÐ µ to shop assistants is bÐ µst critiquÐ µd by rÐ µfÐ µrÐ µncÐ µ to a contrast with quitÐ µ diffÐ µrÐ µnt stylÐ µs in thÐ µ rÐ µlationship bÐ µtwÐ µÃ µn shop assistant and shoppÐ µr. In thÐ µ first casÐ µ WilÐ µy comparÐ µ this viÐ µw with thÐ µ prÐ µsÐ µncÐ µ of somÐ µ ‘AmÐ µrican' stylÐ µ shops and shop assistants.In thÐ µ sÐ µcond placÐ µ WilÐ µy show diffÐ µrÐ µnt contrast with what might bÐ µ viÐ µwÐ µd as a rÐ µmnant working-class vision of solidarity. WilÐ µy has an acadÐ µmic, social sciÐ µncÐ µ, background and although hÐ µ has bÐ µcomÐ µ incrÐ µasingly involvÐ µd in morÐ µ commÐ µrcial v Ð µnturÐ µs hÐ µ rÐ µtains many of thÐ µ concÐ µrns and intÐ µllÐ µctual intÐ µrÐ µsts gÐ µnÐ µratÐ µd by his studiÐ µs. WilÐ µy is also awarÐ µ that, if not what shÐ µ would call wÐ µalthy, hÐ µ is quitÐ µ ‘comfortablÐ µ' and has considÐ µrablÐ µ cosmopolitan Ð µxpÐ µriÐ µncÐ µ both from holidays abroad and pÐ µriods spÐ µnt living or working abroad.

Purpose of My Existence

A solitary bland time-piece on a pale blue wall tolls the first dark hour in midnight's wake. A child, at tender age of 12, lies awake in her dank, cold bed. The vile darkness shrouds her in a tangible web of fear and wicked delusion. A cacophony of silence descends upon her shivering form. Her lies, thrown asunder, off her huddled form, evidence of a sleepless tussle.The ceiling fan creaks solemnly above, a monotonous jarring abeyance to the morbid silence. The air-conditioned hums softly, a prayer to end this chronic suffering. The child's thoughts wander, her cerebrum trying to weave together strains of rational thought, struggling to find answers to inquisitions a mind as young as her was never meant to ponder upon; All, in vain. She drifts, tragically at sea, through an ocean of befuddling questions to which the realm of logic fails to provide substantial answers. What is existence?Why are we here? What is to become of me? What's the point? What is our purpose? The queries grow as her mind strains to find answers, to find meaning behind this intangible veil of existence. The questions come to be her bane; she became so curious, she questions her existence, purpose and hope. That child was me.I continued to question life, until recently, when I was engrossed into deep conversation with my sister. She narrated to me her peaceful missionary trip to Kenya, in Africa. It reminded me of the serenity and tranquility of the moments I had spent in a missionary camp before. After days of contemplation and reflection, I met my mother’s old friend who served the poor as a dentist.Her passion for her job and the society was contagious. After a deep study of dentistry along with its pros and cons, and after witnessing how she treated her patient, how she examined their whole body before examining their teeth, how she was treated with utmost respect by her patients, I gained profound respect for the profession.Since I know that I have passion for souls, to cater f or them physically and in all areas of life, I know this can be achieved effectively as a dental doctor. Â  I fully understood that it was helping the deprived that gave me utter satisfaction and pleasure. Being an adventurous person, I have always liked to explore new places. I will be making this quest real by visiting many nations of the world to assist them with my dental skills to treat the underprivileged free of charge.My ultimate goal in life is to contribute to the improvement in the quality of human life through healing not only people’s teeth, but also their broken hearts and to share with them the God’s unlimited love which is already given to me, using my job as a tool.I have finished my degree in Humanities and Social Sciences from Washtenaw Community College in 2005; after which I earned a Bachelors of Sciences from University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2008. I have conducted individual research as a Research and Lab Assistant in the Medical Genetic as wel l as in Biochemistry department at Madison, Wisconsin.Also, I’ve worked as a florist and wedding planner along with other experiences such as a translator, cashier and hostess. I was the president of the Korean Engineering & Science Association and Korean Science Association; social chairman of Korean Economics Student Association; and an active member of the UW-Madison Pre-Dental Society.I’ve also taken part in many musical associations at many places. I have received many scholarships such as, Leven, Maurice & Marie Scholarship, Atlanta Alumni Club Scholarship and William F. Vilas Scholarship, and I was on the Dean’s High Honor Roll from 2003-2005.After researching the profession, I have gained tremendous respect for it. I saw how dentistry has been an important factor in so many lives. Dentistry is one of the first diagnostic tools for diseases. I want o showcase my talent and my calling to the world and since dentist are noble people in the society, I want t o be associated with it.Also, I now see life as very precious with each patient having unique stories and insights. I will have respect for each patient’s opinion, and at the same time uphold the ethics of the profession, thereby restoring back the confident of some patient that are afraid of dentist. I will relate to my patient in such a way that they will have been alright even before treating them.Lastly, with this much that I have already achieved in life and a strong commitment and passion for more, I know that I will be taking to study dentistry as my own way of contributing to the progress and development my community and the entire world. Although, there are thousand of dentists in United State, I believe that I can become one of them, God helping me.I will be very happy and fulfilled if I can be admitted to study my dreamed and long desired course. Thanks for your attention.

Eassy for P.E

Biography of Christopher Bruce Christopher Bruce was born on the 3rd of October 1945 in England, he started studying dancing at 11 years old, and he began with tap and ballet. After studying at the Rambert School Christopher Bruce joined Rambert Ballet in 1963, where he quickly became the leading male dancer. Bruce appeared in works such as Don Quixote in 1964 and Coppelia in 1966. Then the company began to experiment with ballet and modern, combining them to form, specifically the Martha Graham technique. Martha Graham created 181 ballets and a dance technique that has been compared to ballet in its scope and magnitude. Many of the great modern and ballet choreographers have studied the Martha Graham Technique or have been members of her company. ) When Bruce danced the role of Pierrot Lunaire, his own interpretive skills were noticed. Bruce was â€Å"dominating everything- practically living the part†. Bruce then worked with Glen Tetley, he discovered that â€Å"the motive for the movement comes from the centre of the body†¦ rom this base we use classical ballet as an extension to give wider range and variety of movement† In 1977 he was appointed associate director of the company and was its associate choreographer from 1979-87, he created over twenty works for the company. Between 1986-91 he acted as associate choreographer also for London Festival Ballet, later ENB, and resident choreographer for Houston Ballet in 1989. In 1994 he became artistic director for RDC. Often political in his work, he integrates classical ballet and modern dance, often set against popular music by artists like Bob Dylan, Rolling Stones.His productions include ‘Cruel Garden', 1977, ‘Ghost Dances', 1981, ‘Swansong', 1987, and ‘Rooster', 1991. Influences Social and political themes emerge as naturally as a reflection of his own concerns, although his aim is always firstly to create a piece of dance, rather than to make a statement. Neverthe less, he does not see a conflict between creating interesting movement and tackling difficult issues. He believes that there is much beauty in Ghost Dances and similar works. Bruce is typically known for using themes that focus on personal or political issues.He has created abstract pieces but even these have a strong undercurrent of emotion. Bruce uses a wide range of starting points, particularly poetry, literature, music, newspaper articles and world events. For example ‘†¦ for those who die in cattle' reflects his views and concerns of war, ‘rooster' is his idea of relationships, ‘swansong' is probably one of his most moving and emotional pieces and tackles the very serious issue of torture. His views on the general human condition are portrayed in ‘waiting'.Throughout his career, Christopher has been a strong supporter of Amnesty International's ideas and through his choreography he has voiced his concerns for society, the persecuted and victims of a wide range of human rights abuses. Time and again he has returned to these themes and in his most recent work â€Å"grinning in your face†, these concerns are articulated as powerfully as ever. The Arts have an important role to play in exploring social issues and dance can be seen as the most human of the Arts as it is based on the body.The image of the tortured prisoner from â€Å"swansong† or the unjust imprisonment of Reuben Carter, in â€Å"Hurricane† are far more powerful than mere words can ever be. Video extracts of Christopher's work have been used to reinforce talks about human rights abuse. In the 1970's the focus for Bruce was South America and Pinochet's bloody coup against the elected Allende government in Chile. He was deeply moved on the meeting of Joan Jara, who was tortured and murdered by Pinochets forces. This meeting lead him to choreograph, Ghost Dances.He took the theme of the day of the dead, simple symbolism and indigenous dance moveme nts as a basis to convey the plight of the innocent people of South American down the ages and their courage in the face of adversity. Certainly, Ghost Dances has a tremendous impact and audiences in many countries have delighted in its distinctive, rhythmic movement performed to haunting American tunes. However, it is the representation of the oppression of ordinary people, symbolised by the sinister ghost figures, which give the work much of its resonance.On the evidence of ghost dances, swansong, and cruel garden (about the death of Lorca at the hands of the fascists in Spain), human rights themes have provided him with a strong source of inspiration. He remains a passionate advocate for the role of dance and the arts in society and believes that seeing good work and the chance to perform, either as an amateur or a professional, an not only enrich lives, but can also be civilising influence. Ghost dances It was created in 1981, and was influenced by the political oppression in Ch ile.The style was contemporary ballet blended with South American folk dance. The setting of Ghost Dances is a rocky Andean location suggesting the mouth of a cave. The colours (blue's, greens and greys) of the backdrop were very effective and complimented the costumes and movement by adding to the eerie atmosphere. The whole stage was lit by a dim white light. The ‘dead' wear everyday clothes, which are beginning to disintegrate. The Ghost Dancers appear as skeletal figures in striking skull masks. The piece is accompanied by Andiean folk music, with panpipes, guitars, and flutes.The tune is infectious, rhythmic and tuneful. The style of the choreography is sinuous and graceful, incorporating folk-dance influences. The Ghost dancers style of dance differs to the style of the ‘dead'. The Ghost dancers use very off balanced and angular Movements, there heads are the main key I think to making their dancing look as threatening as it does, they move them very quickly and sh arply in unison and it creates a very menacing effect. The ‘dead', on the other hand are very free flowing and graceful, their posture is very open chested and balletic with very neat but complex footwork.I loved this piece and the skills used to perform it. The fluid motion alongside traditional Chilean folkdance was original and inspiring to watch, it was a very moving piece and had a big impact on me because of the real life issues behind it. Swansong This piece was created in 1987 and was influenced by the fate of political prisoners, the style was contemporary ballet and the prisoner's movements were based on the idea of a swan. The piece is generally based around the fate of political prisoners and their need to break free.Swansong is a deliberately disturbing dance showing a victim being tortured by a variety of means, although there is no actual violence on stage. It shows both the aggressive and sadistic element of interrogation, and how brainwashing, humiliation and playing with emotions can all be part of a long, nerve- racking game. In combining vaudevillian humour, balletic virtuosity, and contempory dance expressionism with such a serious theme, he seeks to create work that can be appreciated at a number of levels by a broad audience.The three dancers are costumed archetypally and very much resembled the set, it was all very simplistic, with the prisoner in just a plain t-shirt and jeans and the two guards are wearing vaguely militaristic khaki trousers and short- sleeved shirts could be viewed as policemen, soldiers, or guards. Programme notes have tended neither to give names to the characters nor to specify roles – choosing instead to simply list the cast and allow audiences to make their own interpretation.The prisoner uses a very graceful and flowing style of dance whilst in contrast the two guards dance in a modern, camp manner, highlighting even more the separation and difference between the guards and prisoner. The simplicity of the staging and ambiguity of the characters lends weight to its universality. The action could be taking place anywhere in the world. The stage is dark and bare with the exception of a single wooden chair lit starkly from above, indicating perhaps a single bulb-hanging overhead in an otherwise empty room.There are seven sections in swansong; each has a different theme and style.  ·Section 1, questions and answers. Throughout the first section the dance suggests the interrogators and victim playing a game of cat and mouse, the dance changing from trios to brief duets and solo's. in the duets the interrogators dance in unison, performing the same material one after the other or slightly varying the steps to attack their victim.  ·Section 2, tea for two. The section section begins with another interrogation session during which the second interrogator walks round his eated victim, and this time the victim taps out ‘answers' but in a defiant mood. The interrogators change tatics.  ·Section 3, first solo. The third section is a solo for the victim alone on the stage and it is more lyrical both in music and movement than the proceding sections. It contrasts with the torture previously shown, appearing to be a cry of frustration and anger at the victim's situation as well as evoking his urge for freedom.  ·Section 4, slow trio. The victim immediately tenses and flinches as the first interrogator reaches towards him, and then relaxes when he is not harmed.No questions are asked. Again the opening sequence is performed twice but at the end of the chair is moved so that the victim cannot return to it. This becomes a recurring theme of this dance; the victims chair is repeatedly pulled away from under him or placed just beyond his reach. He is pushed and thrown around, the effect of the violence is in slow motion. The victim curls defensively on the floor and is uncurled by the second interrogator and the torture continues.  ·Section 5, second solo wi thout accompaniment.Although this section repeats dance motifs from the first solo such as the jumps and arabesques suggestive of flight, it is generally more mimetic. The victim lifts the chair onto his back to make it appear he is carrying a huge weight on his shoulders. He then stands facing the audience staring through the bars of the chair, then he appears to crumble in frustration and the solo ends with his ankles trapped in the bars of the chair as if fetted.  ·Section 6, cane dance. The progression of the piece shows a build up of abuse and humility of the prisoner till the final section where the prisoner performs his last solo, his ‘swansong'.Rooster This piece was created in 1992 and in contrast to my other two chosen pieces is influenced by the Rolling stones; the dance is based on the theme and context of the music. It is danced in a contemporary ballet style blended with modern dance to match the music. The set is a clear stage with naturalistic lighting and a white spotlight. The women wear black skirts, tops and tights and the men wear black trousers and a skirt, a red dress is worn only in one number and that is ‘ruby Tuesday'.The whole piece is danced to rolling stones music ranging from upbeat fast and rocky numbers to slower more relaxed music. The theme of each song in ‘rooster' reflects the character that is dancing it, none of the dances are linked, and each section occurs simply because of the different songs that are used, this helps to create an episodic structure. The tempo of the music dictates the style of dance; the faster tracks are modern and contemporary whilst the slower ones are more balletic.This piece does not present a great deal of emotional involvment with the audience; it is simply based on the theme and context of the music. You can see this by the fact that the dancers, the style of dance and the music purely dictate the song. A Time line of dance works which have been choreographed and produced by Christopher Bruce  ·1969 George Frederic  ·1972 ‘†¦ for those who die as cattle'  ·1974 Weekend  ·1975 Ancient voices of children  ·1976 Black Angels  ·1976 Promenade  ·1977 Cruel Garden  ·1981 Village Sounds  ·1981 Ghost Dances  ·1984 Sergeant early's dream 1984 Intimate Pages  ·1985 Silence is the end of our song  ·1985 Land  ·1987 The dream is over  ·1987 Swansong  ·1989 Symphony in three movements  ·1990 Journey  ·1992 Rooster  ·1995 Meeting point Section B Producing our own piece of choreography in the style of Christopher Bruce in groups. How has the work of the choreographer influenced and inspired my own performance and choreography? I chose Christopher Bruce because of the influences behind his choreography, the real life human rights issues that through symbolism he has transferred this into dance.He has successfully brought more awareness to serious issues that most people would not be aware of because it is not going on in this country. The fact that this affects Bruce personally is very inspiring, as his pieces have real meaning and thought behind them. The three works by Christopher Bruce that I have chosen to study are ‘ghost dancers' and ‘swansong' because of the political human rights issues that influenced them and ‘rooster' because it was a contrast to the other two as its influence was the celebration of the Rolling Stones music.I thought these pieces complimented each other well to evaluate as each bears a large variation of accessible motifs, images and sequences of movement that I could re- interpret in my choreography in the style of Christopher Bruce. As it gave me the opportunity to analyse a variety of influences and issues behind the three pieces. Choreographic notes We choreographed a piece for a trio in the style of ‘rooster'. The set was clear other than three chairs that were used within the dance. We were dressed all in black and wore red scarfs round our n ecks. The lighting of the set was dark red

Contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Contract - Essay Example All three cases are of Contract. The basic principle of contract law is "[t]he purpose of the law is to put the plaintiff in as good a position as he would have been in had the defendant kept his contract." 1 Principle of Incorporation: Within this principle, specifically the concept of mutual understanding is applicable which is â€Å"derived from the conduct of the parties that the conduct of hire was to be based on one of the party’s usual conditions’. 3 The first issue in the first scenario is whether or not the words â€Å"excellent reputation for being reliable† constitutes a misrepresentation, due to the fact that LLL were unreliable by arriving late and sending a limousine that was not clean and up to the mark. This was a common understanding developed that the service will be of good quality and presentable. The above statement could be seen as a mere puff (sales talk) which is not considered to be a statement of fact as courts would treat such as idle boasts with no contractual significance as in Dimmock v Hallet where the statement â€Å"Fertile and Improvable† was considered to have insufficient substance to be classed as a representation. Also the statement could be seen as an opinion as in Economides v Commercial Union Assurance Co Plc (1997) where estimate of content given to the insurance was considered to be a statement of opinion as he was not an expert thus not a misrepresentation. On the other hand, the above statement could be considered as opinion of a person in a better position to know the facts in which case it is misrepresentation as in Smith v Land & House Property Corporation where it was held that a statement of opinion from someone who knows the fact best is a statement of fact as the knowledge of fact justify the opinion. Furthermore, the statement was made by one party to the other i.e. LLL to AAA and if Lynda relied and acted on the statement to make her decision to give the contract to LLL, although the

Importance and Impact of Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance and Impact of Communication - Essay Example The management is more often caught in improving the quality of healthcare provided and the recruitment and scheduling of staff to invest in the optimal resource utilization of the existing staff. In its annual survey of top issues confronting hospital CEOs, the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) identified communication between the medical staff and the management as the third most important issue of concern in 2007. It is interesting to note that physician – hospital relations held the second spot in the previous year but has since been overtaken by concerns over medical insurance. The above table gives the percentage wise importance assigned to various specific issues within the general personnel – management communication spectrum that required attention. The issues can in most cases be extended to include other members of the healthcare systems. The staff in most hospitals represent a vast talent pool but they are never expected to undertake any activity that is beyond their assigned roles. Recently, efforts have been undertaken by many institutions to develop leadership abilities in their employees. While best practices in strategic diversity leadership and cultural competence in patient care have been identified through evidence-based research, the linkages between best practices and organizational and patient outcomes have not. This knowledge gap is consequential not only because of changing demographics, but because of the unique diversity imperatives in healthcare: the under-representation of women and minorities in leadership and professional p ositions; persistent racial disparities in health and healthcare; and overall quality issues that increase the cost of healthcare and risk patients lives. To summarize, there exists a growing need for the management to be more supportive and understanding to the personal requirements of the personnel and to assist

Gilbert and Sullivan Theatrical Partnership Essay

Gilbert and Sullivan Theatrical Partnership - Essay Example Sullivan was a junior of Gilbert and he was the composer and thus he was responsible for contributing memorable melodies which successfully delivered humor along with pathos. 1 The operas were successful in providing enduring and also broad international success along with performing frequently throughout the English speaking world especially. Sullivan and Gilbert basically introduced innovations along with bright new ideas in content and also form the directly influenced development which is involved in musical theatre. This practice was famous and was popular throughout the 20th century. The operas had a huge influence on the literature, film, television and also political discourse and it was widely pastiche and parodied by a humorist. The partnership of Sullivan and Gilbert was brought together by the famous producer Richard D Oyle Carte who basically nurtured and brought together the collaborations. He was responsible for building the Savoy Theatre during the year 1881 and he also presented their joint works which were popularly known as Savoy Operas and they were also responsible for founding D Oyly Carte Opera Company which was good in performing and also promoting the Sullivan’s and Gilbert’s work as a lyricist and composer for almost over a century. Gilbert and Sullivan had played a major role in influencing the English speaking world and the pop culture. Operas of Gilbert and Sullivan had become extremely popular and the lines and quotations have become an integral part of English language. The Savoy operas have played a massive role in influencing the course of development of modern musical theatre and also the political style, literature, discourse and also advertising.  

Profile in Leadership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Profile in Leadership - Term Paper Example nd of the coin is the pro choice debate that believes that a fetus does not have rights and whether to abort pregnancy or not is dependant on the fetus’ mother. According to the pro-life opinion and even according to the pro-choice opinion, a fetus has similar rights that are entitled to a human being (GeÃŒ rard 138). But pro-choice perspective states that a fetus does not have the ability to make decisions and have no self awareness. Pro-life perspective counters this argument by stating that individuals who are regarded as adults, and are retarded, do not have ability to make reasonable decisions and experience lack of self awareness. Pro-life advocates state that if a fetus is a human being, he has rights and by aborting a fetus, the society takes away the fetus’ right to make decisions and choose what is best for himself. Pro-choice advocates state that a fetus is not a fully developed individual and does not have any human rights and by not allowing a female to abort pregnancy, the law and the society is infringing upon the rights of the women to decide what is good for her (Panza 235). For this purpose, pro-choice take a utilitarian stance and state that those decisions should considered as right that have the highest number of positive benefits as compared to the costs that are incurred due to that particular action (Soble 6). Several advantages have been figured out that are achieved by the society if abortion takes place. These advantages include population control and well being of the society. The cost is the death of a fetus which does not even have complete human rights. Pro-life advocates even take a religious stand and state that a fetus is a human life and all living individuals are sacred and the decision of life and death is in the hands of God so abortion should not take place as by aborting, individuals are working against God’s will. Abortion leads to cognitive dissonance among health care professionals, health care professionals have

Business strategy report of Vodafone Group PLC Dissertation

Business strategy report of Vodafone Group PLC - Dissertation Example On the basis of strategic management principles, the mission as well as vision of a business firm is formulated. On the further extent, various types of business strategies are formulated, evaluated and implemented on the basis of the principles of strategic management. This dissertation will concentrate on the strategic management of Vodafone Group PLC. The framework of the paper would not only discuss the various types of business strategies incorporated by the company, but would also focus on the new strategies that can be implemented by the firm in the next five years. The learnt from the paper would help the researcher to analyze the business strategies of the company in details. Industry Analysis The industry in which Vodafone PLC is situated is the telecommunications industry. This industry deals with providing long distance communication services through technological means. Till 1982, the telecommunication sector in United Kingdom was in the form of a public owned company named Post Office Telecommunication. The market structure of the broadcasting sector was duopoly in its nature. The two companies that had formed this duopoly were BBC and the Independent Broadcasting Authority. At this point of time, the mobile or internet services did not exist in the market. With time and development of science and technology, the telecommunication sector in U.K. had expanded. ... had expanded. At present, this industry is highly competitive in nature. Its retail sector is much bigger than that of many other industrial sectors. Companies in this sector in U.K. not only earns substantial amount of profit in terms of billion dollars, but also invest a considerable part of their revenue in research and development for new innovations (Papadopoulos, 2011). Profile of the Company Vodafone Group plc, also recognized as Vodafone, is a UK based global company which is involved in the commerce of providing telecommunication services. The corporation was founded in 1991 in Newbury, Berkshire, United Kingdom. However, the concern shifted its headquarters to London, United Kingdom. The ancestor of Vodafone was Racal Telecom (1983-1991). In stipulations of the total financial proceeds spawned as well as the strength of subscribers, the organization is considered as the second largest telecommunication company in the globe, following China Mobile. The company is present in almost 30 economies of the world and carries its business operations in 40 other nations with the help of its business partners. At present, the company is headed by Vittorio Colao (CEO) and Gerard Kleisterlee (Chairman) (Vodafone, 2012a). It provides employment opportunities to around 87,000 citizens across the globe and also, generates income opportunities to numerous business acquaintances of the company. Some of the commodities of the company include mobile telephony, digital television, fixed line and internet services. As of 2012, the net revenue of the organization was ?46.417 billion and had operating earnings of ?11.187 billion (The World Bank, 2012). Although, the company has a hefty position in the marketplace, it still has to deal with

Drawing on the concept of fashion as a form of communication, Essay

Drawing on the concept of fashion as a form of communication, critically analyze the role that fashion and clothes have in shaping people's identities - Essay Example This is the reason why fashion is spread out so as to make people understand where they are coming from and how they shall be seen within the related scheme of things. This is the exact manner under which their relevant selves will be highlighted and their personal beliefs shall be bolstered. This paper will discuss how the concept of fashion has evolved over a period of time and how it closely linked with culture and the identity basis. How people’s ideologies have been shaped up with respect to fashion is also something that this paper shall delve upon. Before fashion can be studied in-depth, it is required that the role of society under which it exists is taken note of. This is because this very society adopts and adapts it so that the people can have it within their lives to give out a statement. Why society can pose as a serious problem for the fashion domains from making its mark is a significant aspect that should be taken note of. This is because fashion pinpoints the basis of societal representation from vastly different ideologies. These concepts can change with the advent of time and be based on the beliefs of a select few, which is another point of much consideration. It must be remembered here that the society has the final say in making up the realms of fashion and how it is culturally adopted across the board. The leaders within any society of the world would have their own opinions when it comes to fashion and its inter-related pointers (Kim 2013). This discusses the tangent of cultural adaptations which can be had wi thin the relevant thick of things, and which always remain necessary to comprehend. Hence fashion needs to be given a chance on a proactive basis for it to make its mark on a local as well as a global level. This is when it is truly and wholly manifested. The role of fashion and clothes in shaping the peoples identities has been immense and this has been the case

African american case study Essay Example for Free

African american case study Essay David Brown is a 35-year-old African American residing in Brooklyn, New York. He is tall, lean, and professional-looking. He has short curly hair and neatly shaved face. He has been a successful bank manager for five years and his colleagues look up to him with much respect and admiration. But whatever he has now are the fruits of his hardwork and perseverance. David was born on the 25th of February 1972. During this time, racial discrimination was still prolific and their family experienced hard times. They live in the â€Å"ghetto† where drugs, gang wars, and poverty were rampant. Growing up in such an environment was never easy for David and he found it hard to trust his peers because he did not want to get involved in their vices. His mother had to stay at home to attend to his other siblings while his father had two jobs to support their family’s needs. Considering their situation, David was inspired to study hard and he wanted to give his family a better life. After graduating from highschool, he was determined to pursue college and was fortunate enough to be accepted in a known university to study Banking and Finance. College was the biggest challenge for him because first of all, his father had to support him and he had to work as a grocery clerk in a convenient store at night to make ends meet. Due to the color of his skin, David faced discrimination issues. His classmates regarded him as inferior and some even ridiculed him and his peers who were also African Americans. Whenever he felt down and mocked, he would play basketball because this was his outlet in releasing tension and built-up emotions. However, he did not lose his focus and he graduated with flying colors. It took him a while to land on a job since some of the employers were discriminating. After several months, he got a job offer from a banking company as a clerk. He was very happy because he was starting to fulfill his dreams of helping his family. He worked hard and loved this noble profession and eventually, his efforts were seen by his superiors. His determination and dedication made him climb the corporate ladder. Many got insecure and envious when he was promoted to his present managerial position. Some even doubted his leadership skills and capabilities in performing his duties but, David proved them wrong. In time, he was able to win their support and respect.   David is currently at the prime of his life – he is successful and has given his family a better life. He does not have any intimate relationships because he prioritizes his family and work. Considering Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development, David has gone through young adulthood and it appears that his lack of initiative to form intimate relationships lead to isolation. However, he could only be delayed in establishing intimate relationships with the opposite sex because of prioritization of other more important things. As of now, he is in his middle adulthood and it is most likely that he is experiencing psychological stagnation since he is not showing productivity in helping the next generation achieve their goals. Taking Freud’s theory of psychosexual development into consideration, David appears to be fixated in the latency stage because of his self-fulfilling goals and the direction of his energy towards productive activities like work. Though he knows how to socialize, most of his friends are males and he exhibits lack of interest in engaging in close relationships with women (Santrock, 2002). At this point, he should have been married like most people of his age and rearing a family of his own; but as mentioned earlier, David may only be delayed in fulfilling such human functions. References: Santrock, J.W. (2002). Life-Span Development (8th ed.) New York: McGraw-Hill

School Shootings in Atlanta: Causes and Solutions

School Shootings in Atlanta: Causes and Solutions Gun violence and gun control have become a highlighted issue within the United States. In recent years there has been a vast increase in young adults engaging in gun violence, or being caught up in such conflict, particularly within schools. The issue of school shootings has become a major problem within the city of Atlanta. However, with more lives being at potential risk, there has been controversy debates over what causes such incidences and what can we do as a society to solve the problem. It is evident that in order to decrease school shootings the law and community need to work together by limiting or monitoring the accessibility of firearms, identifying risks of violence and providing the correct resources to students that are a potential risk. The spread of school shootings within the United States is at an all-time high. Granting they don’t make up a large percentage of youth violence overall, they are traumatic proceedings for society as a whole. Although the first shooting leads back to 1764, the Pontiacs rebellion school massacre, where 11 people were killed at a schoolhouse in Pennsylvania, the rise of statistics within the last 5 years have been drastic and show a growing trend to a problem within the US. Research states ‘‘Since 2013, there have been more than 300 school shootings in America — an average of about one a week’’ (Everytown). However, the appearance of guns alone or threats of violence is even higher. Statistics are only calculated for the recorded gunshots fired on school grounds or fired within a school during school hours. They do not include incidents where guns have been brought into school without being fired or shootings outside of school hours (Patel). With the ongoing rise in school shootings in the United States as a whole, Georgia ranks one of the highest states for such incidences. Gun violence as a whole has become a major issue in the south, particularly Georgia. Judd states that’s ‘’Georgians are more than twice as likely as New Yorkers to be killed in a shooting. The death rate exceeds even that of Illinois.’’ With the 13th highest death rate, most of those deaths occurred in Atlanta (Judd). Since the sandy nook shooting in 2012, when a gunman shot and killed 20 children and 6 adults with a firearm, Georgia has been the second leading state for school/college shootings, behind Texas, with a total of 23 incidents resulting in either deaths or injuries. At least 5 of those incidences were in Atlanta alone (Karishnakumar). The reason for school shootings follows a controversial debate amongst society. However, it can not go unmentioned that easy gun access is one of the most influential causes. Some will argue gun control is the sole factor in school shootings, others will argue its not the gun, but more so the individual that posses it. Americas love for guns dates back to the second amendment, which give the ‘right to bear arms’.   Originally implemented for the militia, the Supreme Court revitalized it allowing guns in homes for self-defense (Cornell law school). With this in mind, there are approx 300 million guns statewide. With a population of just over 300million, that is roughly an equal amount of guns to persons. However, only one-third of the population own guns, meaning that more than one is held in each of those households (BBC). Household gun ownership is high particularly in the south. Studies show that ‘‘Across the South, 38 percent of households have a gun — compared with 35 percent in the Midwest, 34 percent in the West and 27 percent in the Northeast’’ (Simonton). With this high rate, it makes it very easy for young adults to have access to guns, with or without an adults knowledge. Friedman states that ‘‘The American Medical Association reports that between 36 percent and 50 percent of male eleventh graders said they could easily get a gun if they wanted to’’ (90). Further reasearch also states that ‘‘over two-thirds of students who used guns in violent acts at school got those guns from their own home or that of a relative’ (Erwin). This is likely because the gun was not stored away and unloaded, not because the young adult has freely been given it. However, it shows that there are definite links between household gun ownership and gun violence. Besides the fact that guns are easily accessible within homes, there are over 50,000 gun stores in America making a purchase of a gun an easy task. Within Georgia, the purchase of a gun is very simple. You do not need a permit to purchase a firearm, and you do not need to register the firearm once purchased. However, there are some laws on age restrictions. To buy a handgun statewide the consumer must be at least 18 years old, however in Georgia for an unlicensed person to sell a long gun there is no age restriction (Laws). This is a serious issue as it means that children of any age are able to obtain and have access to a gun without any consequences. With these statistics in mind its safe to say that the easy access to guns plays a huge role in gun violence within schools, however, they are not the only factor that contributes to such incidences. With the many school shootings that have taken place over the years, we try to look at all specific causes and whether there are links between the causes. The media plays a huge role in trying to convince society that there is a specific cause of all school shootings. However, there is no specific profile that fits the motivation of a shooter. Often there does seem to be links between school shootings and a specific factor, but this is not in all cases. Friedman states ‘‘ 66% of shooters interviewed after the attack felt they had been bullied or threatened by classmates and said that was their main reason for shooting others’’ (90). However approx. 1 in 5 children report being bullied in a given year, yet show no signs of violence or such crime (De La O). Although bullying may worsen problems for youth, physically and emotionally, there is very little evidence that alone it is the cause of gun violence. Society often singles out an issue like mental health, revenge, the culture of violence, drug and alcohol abuse, as well as various social problems as the cause. However although many of these factors can be associated with a shooter, it is very hard to say that one alone fits that of every shooter. When we look at all these issues we see that many young adults experience at least one of them, yet don’t commit such a crime. On the other hand, a mix of these factors could be a possible cause and its important that society pays close attention to an individual that may encounter several of these issues to prevent anything further happening (Friedman 52). It is important as a community that everyone works together, including the law, public health, schools, peers, parents, and teachers in order to prevent school shootings from happening. Such proactive procedures include watching for warning signs and identifying and reporting them. This will help a student early who is showing potential risk factors. In most cases, it is apparent that previous to a shooting someone is aware or shown signs that a shooter has plans of an attack. Duplechain and Morris states â€Å"In more than 80% of the cases [he studied], at least one person knew the attacker was planning something; two or more people knew in almost 60 percent of the cases† (146). Most shootings are premeditated and at some point, there is a chance that the shooter has either shown attack-related behavior or discussed the event with someone, whether something is said as a joke or said on a serious matter. In previous shootings, this has occurred. In the Columbine school shooting, the shooter prior to the event wrote a paper on a male who was planning a school shooting, as well as writings journals with all their plans in for the shooting (Gumbell). Nobody at the time thought anything of it, yet it was a significant sign as to what was going to be carried out. This being said, it is very important that students, teachers, parents and all listen and watch for signs and act accordingly. Reporting such suspicions could be crucial in preventing an attack. As well as watching for signs a solution to prevent school shootings is to Work together to provide strategies and the correct resources for students. Sometimes for parents it can be hard to come to terms with the fact their child has a mental health issue or behavioral issues, however, it is important that they get their children the help needed. It is also important that schools provide resources. School counselors pay a pivot role in providing counseling groups to provide tools to deal with emotions, anger, grief, and loss as well and mental health problems. They help support a child in making changes in their life addressing the topics that most concern them (Paolini). With the correct support available and the communities willingness to watch and report suspicions, school incidents could be prevented in the future. However with this in mind, the role of the law is also very important. Stricter gun laws are substantial in reducing gun violence. In the state of Georgia, there are very little restrictions on gun laws. As a state, they allow sales of a gun without a permit or without processing through the federal firearms license, Mentally ill individuals are also removed from the database after 5 years without a reassessment from doctors. This meaning that after a person passes the 5-year mark they are then illegible to purchase or sell a gun, even if they have not been assessed by a doctor to say they are now mentally stable (Cook). Unlike other states, Georgia also sticks with the federal age restriction of 18 to buy a gun, whereas many other states have reassessed age restrictions and moved it to 21.   These weak laws make it very easy for a young adult or mentally unstable individual to acquire a gun.   Many will also argue stricter gun laws will not help reduce school shootings, however, research shows otherwise. When comparing the US to other rich countries with stricter gun laws, there is a huge difference in the homicide rate. Statistics show that ‘‘The number of gun murders per capita in the US in 2012 the most recent year for comparable statistics was nearly 30 times that in the UK, at 2.9 per 100,000 compared with just 0.1’’ (BBC). When looking at the US solely, research also shows that those states with stricter gun control have less gun related deaths. After a law passed in Connecticut in 1995 making it more difficult to buy a handgun the number of homicides reduced by 40%. This law included purchasers having to obtain a license from the police in person as well as passing a background check before being accepted for a sale (Lachman).   All of this research shows that stricter gun laws are a solution towards less gun violence and unless Congress and the government make some amendments, then school shootings are going to continue to occur. It is evident that school shootings are a major issue within Atlanta and America as a whole. With a vast and continuous increase over the given years its important that both the law and community work together to help stop such incidents occurring. Research proves that there is no specific profile for a shooter, however, it is important as a community to watch out for any signs of potential risk, report them and provide students with the correct resources. This and stricter gun laws allowing students access to guns more difficult will help decrease gun violence.   References BBC. ‘‘Guns in the US: The statistics behind the violence.’’ BBC News, 2016, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-34996604 Cook, Rhonda. ‘‘Georgia clears way for mentally ill to buy guns.’’ Myajc, 2018, https://www.myajc.com/news/local/georgia-clears-way-for-mentally-ill-buy-guns/agHJKZW8LiqVI4mu1GQmLJ/ Cornell Law School. ‘‘Second Amendment.’’ LLI/Legal information Institute, https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/second_amendment De La O, Maria. ‘‘School shootings are about more than bullying.’’ The Washington post, 2013, https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/she-the-people/wp/2013/10/25/school-shootings-are-about-more-than-bullying/?utm_term=.6be5672995ae Dupllechain, Rosiland, and Robert Morris. ‘‘SCHOOL  VIOLENCE:  REPORTED  SCHOOL  SHOOTINGSAND  MAKING  SCHOOLS  SAFER.’’ Galileo, Vol. 135, no. 2, pp.45-150. Erwin, Nicole. ‘‘In wake of school shootings, a look at how kids get guns.’’ Ohio valley resource, 2018, http://ohiovalleyresource.org/2018/01/24/in-wake-of-school-shooting-a-look-at-how-kids-get-guns/ Everytown. ‘’The long shameful list of school shootings in America. ’’ 2018, https://everytownresearch.org/school-shootings/ Friedman, Lauri. School Shootings. Greenhaven ,2010. Gumbell, Andrew. ‘‘The truth about columbine.’’ The guardian, 2009, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/17/columbine-massacre-gun-crime-us Judd, Alan. ‘‘Youre twice as likely to be shot to death in Georgia than New York (and other gun violence facts).’’ Myajc, 2017, https://www.myajc.com/blog/investigations/you-twice-likely-shot-death-georgia-than-new-york-and-other-gun-violence-facts/Kdk3MXsowc6ASzmd15o2QN/ Krishnakumar, Pray. ‘‘Since Sandy Nook, a gun has been fired on school grounds at least once a week.’’ www.Latimes.com, 2015, http://www.latimes.com/projects/la-na-school-shootings-since-newtown/ Law. ‘‘Minimum age to purchase and possess.’’ Giffords law centre to prevent violence, http://lawcenter.giffords.org/gun-laws/policy-areas/who-can-have-a-gun/minimum-age/#federal Lachman, Samantha. ‘‘Conneticut gun control law sharply reduced gun-related violence, report says.’’ Huffpost UK, 2015, https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/06/12/connecticut-gun-control-_n_7570852.html Paolini, Allison. ‘‘School Shootings and Student Mental Health: Role of the School Counselor in Mitigating Violence.’’ Councelling.org, 2015, https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/vistas/school-shootings-and-student-mental-health.p Patel, Jugal, K. ‘‘After Sandy Hook, More Than 400 People Have Been Shot in Over 200 School Shootings.’’ NYtimes.com, 2018, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/02/15/us/school-shootings-sandy-hook-parkland.html Simonton, Stell. ‘‘Guns in school:Georgia has most shootings since Sandy Nook.’’ America.Aljazeera.com, 2015, http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/1/29/gun-lax-georgia-has-most-school-shootings-since-sandy-hook-massacre.html Stages in responding to disasters: Floods Stages in responding to disasters: Floods Responding to Disaster: Floods Effects of Natural and human made disasters are devastating and this calls for competent mental health professionals to provide for disaster relief services to the victims. Victims of flood disasters respond differently depending on their personal experience. In our case, people are warned about the impending danger of flood disaster but some fail to respond at all. Even after the flood disaster, others return to reconstruct their houses and belongings. This means that the type of intervention to be applied should be culture based. The following intervention strategies, marked with stages, would be applied to the victims of the flood disaster. Impact Immediately after the flood strikes, the survivors panic, are confused and cannot think at that moment (Gilliland, James, 2013). Adults are desperately searching everywhere, looking for their missing family members. Victims are exposed to horrors of the aftermath and they are surrounded by death and devastation. It is indeed a time of agony. At this stage, an appropriate intervention would be an emotionally driven Psychological intervention strategy. This strategy helps the individual to recollect themselves and to start focusing on the way forward. Emergence/acute heroic stage After the aftermath, survivors start saving and collecting what they can. It is a â€Å"counting the loss† phase. At this stage, I would recommend for physiological responses as the intervention is focused on physical damage such as loss of property, injuries, geographical displacement, and anger due to the aftermath loss incurred (Gilliland, James, 2013). I will engage in emotionally driven talk with the victims in order to help relief their anxieties surrounding their crisis. I will also provide emotional help on how individuals can recover their property and probably their beloved family members. Inventory stage This is the recovery phase. In this stage, survivors are slowly accepting the realities of life. I will engage in method in which individuals can utilize their abilities in seeking for employment for survival. I will engage in cognitive-behavioral intervention skills and try to convince the survivor on danger of living such vulnerable places (Benedek, Fullerton, Ursano, 2007). The idea to change their perception about the place and make them understand the Government’s warning about the place. Honeymoon stage At this stage, the victims are worried about their financial recovery. This come after one to three months post the flooding disaster. It is a stage of rebuilding. I recommend for cognitive coping strategies in order to help the survivors see the sense of moving from the vulnerable to other places. Coping skills are helpful in enabling the victim change their environment to move on with their normal lives. Avoidance phase At this phase, I will recommend for psycho-social intervention skills. The aftermath effects are coupled with loses, causing psychological disturbance and sometimes lead to Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). With Psycho-social intervention skills a victim can slowly forget about the disaster and start focusing on other things through social life. Adaptation phase Adaptive phase depends on the victim’s resiliency. Resilient people tend to recover faster. In that regard, I will recommend for cognitive-behavioral responses in order strengthen the victims by making them recognize how strong they are. Positive behavioral skills can also influence positive change and hence influence adaptive skills; that the victims can do without their lost ones. Disillusionment phase Disillusion can prevent victims from adapting to their environment. Anything attached to the previously experienced flooding disaster will likely arouse the traumatic experience. To help victims recover from this problem, I will use cognitive coping skills. These skills helps a victim accept the reality, forget about the past and focus on the present. Pathogenic to salutogenic shift At this phase, the victim has not yet fully recovered from the post traumatic stress disorder even after one year after the disaster. It is a critical condition and the victim is always struggling to let go the stress. This may happened to mothers who saw their children drawn by water. Resiliency itself cannot draw the stress away from the victim. A suitable intervention strategy would be the use of the victim’s coherence to overcome the stress. This involves integrating cognitive-behavioral coping skills to enable the victim understand that their problem is manageable. It requires the use of emotional-psychological strategies to convince the victim (Gelbach, 2008). Restabilization/reconstruction This involves the rebuilding of the victim’s emotional and social self. The best way to respond to victims at this stage is by use of psycho-social strategies (Bartley, 2007). This involves encouraging the victim to make new friends and interact with people. Social life interactions allows victims to forget about their past easily and focus on their future. Ethical/ Cultural Consideration Some cultural considerations involve various elements; One, awareness of your world view, two, an understanding of the client’s worldview, and finally, a better understanding of the appropriate intervention to apply on a client depending on the crisis and situation (Goodman, West-Olatunji, 2009). In our case, there is the need for a culture centered disaster response. Bearing that the people were warned about the impending flood disaster and didn’t do anything about it gives us the indication of social cultural factors among the community. Therefore, understanding the existence of social cultural factors among the victims facilitates the conceptualization of the needs of the people, especially in low income communities (Goodman, West-Olatunji, 2009). This also helps in determining the kind of intervention model applicable to a victim. References Bartley, A. G. (2007). Confronting the realities of volunteering for a national disaster. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 29(1), 4-16. Benedek, D. M., Fullerton, C., Ursano, R. J. (2007). First Responders: Mental Health Consequences of Natural and Human-Made Disasters for Public Health and Public Safety Workers*. Annu. Rev. Public Health, 28, 55-68. Gelbach, R. A. (2008). Trauma, research, and EMDR: A disaster responder’s wish list.Journal of EMDR Practice Research,2(2), 146–155.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1933-3196.2.2.146 Gilliland, B. E., James, R. K. (2013). Crisis intervention strategies. Goodman, R. D., West-Olatunji, C. A. (2009).Applying critical consciousness: Culturally competent disaster response outcomes.Journal of Counseling Development,87(4), 458–465. doi: 10.1002/j.1556-6678.2009.tb00130.x